On 10/18/2012 09:21 AM, Jon Elson wrote:
The MOST important thing is a
stereo zoom microscope with a long working distance. A working
distance of 2-3" is necessary to get your hands and a soldering iron
under it. A ring light can be made from a ring of PC board material
that fits around the snout of the microscope. Carve a ring in the
copper of the PCB so it becomes two concentric rings. Use a 12 V
DC wall-wart power supply and 8 while LEDs, with about 1 K Ohm
series resistors.
Agree on the stereo microscope (dissection microscope). I find that the
CCFL ring lights made for cars and motorcycles are cheap and give much
more intense and even (shadowless) light. Typical diameter is about 100
mm and all seem to come with mounting clips or tabs. You can also get
them in LED, but I find the light from a white CCFL much easier on the
eyes. Cheap inverters are available to run the CCFL lamps. I use the
microscope for initial positioning and completed inspection and prefer
to use a binocular loupe during the actual soldering.
Solder braid can be used to remove excess solder
bridging the
leads, which WILL happen frequently. For big, high-density
chips, this is my procedure: First, put a tiny dab of solder
on 2 corner pads. Align the chip with the pads, and solder
the corners that have the extra solder.
For large TQFPs, I anchor the chip body to the PCB with a dab of clear
nail polish, using the microscope for accurate positioning. Once the
polish has set, I proceed with the corner soldering. I find that I can
get extremely good registration this way. It's not fast, but it's
nearly foolproof.
FWIW,
Chuck