Subject: Supply voltage for 2N2/256-BSCP
From: Robert Nansel <bnansel at bigpond.net.au>
Date: Wed, 16 Jan 2008 21:24:59 +1030
To: cctalk at
classiccmp.org
On Wed 16 Jan Brent Hilpert said:
...
I hope you're not looking to mimic TTL - you'll have trouble sourcing
multi-emitter transistors in discrete form. (I know - it's outside
your design
constraint anyways.) More seriously, looking to TTL or standard DTL
ICs for
design would kind of chew up the transistor count very quickly. Is
there a
reason you're not looking to period/original discrete-component
logic designs?
I am using discrete diode-transistor logic; I'm just trying to
figure out what a sensible Vcc should be. I've seen discrete
transistor logic designs with Vcc voltages from 3.6V clear on up to
90V, plus and minus (and often both). I suspect the higher voltages
were more out of habit from vacuum tube days, but perhaps there were
other reasons.
More in the realm of other reasons. Transistors of the day could not
switch much current so I^2R ruled where higher voltage at the current
they could switch was used to get enough power. This was balanced
against device breakdown voltages. Other factors that are to be
considered is higher voltages allow larger signal swings for better
noise immunity at the cost of speed (R*C).
Since I'll ultimately run this whole thing from
batteries, I would
naturally prefer to deal with 6V or 12V (or even 3V or 4V, depending
on the battery chemistry), less the <mumble> dropout voltage of my
regulator.
Forget batteries. The voltage stability will be important and as you
get enough powered elements you'll find that all those milliamps start
to pile up to amps, potentially lots of them.
I'd stick to 5V for interface to current parts where needed but you
might find time to look at old machines and their design. One of the
things done was -V to reverse bias transistors to help with stored
charge for faster switching. The -V was in the range of -3 to -10V.
The most recent of transistor machines like the PDP-8 (link-8 too
as well as early DEC modules and the TX2 machine) would be an example
to look at. FYI: the really ond machines used PNP transistors as the
Germainium technology was better able to make those, that only means
all the votages are "upside down" compared to what we currently expect.
So far I've been able to keep everything in the ALU
data path to a
depth of two diode gates. I'm using the complementary outputs from
three flip-flops for true and inverted versions of the A-word and B-
word bit streams and Carry inputs to the adder. It takes more gates
this way, 25 diodes but no inverters, versus 12 diodes with two
inverters.
Watch fanout, that is output of the FF being loaded with enough current
sinks to inhibit operation or make for lousy noise immuunity. Many
designs used enough inverters to avoid needing buffers, again a
balanacing act.
Allison