I soldered a little piece of wire to the top of each one and then pulled them out. Well, the first exercise I perform when working with a new (well, new to me) board is the "thumb push". Pushing each socketed ship down into it's socket with one thumb. When that didn't help, I went around the board and gently lifted (with a small screwdriver) and pushed each chip. I noticed the first broken pin after I had done about three quarters of the board. Went back and checked the chips I had already re-seated and found another broken pin. Found the third broken pin as I did the rest of the board. When these components were replaced, the board started working. It is possible that my activities broke the pins and that the original problem with the board was poor contacts in the sockets, but I was being extra-gentle when I found the third broken pin. Bill