Ok, so far so good. I've got my wire harness all wired up (I basically used a good quality 40-pin DIP socket: the signal lines going into one side and the returns on the other). Nothing fancy required. The reader is putting out TTL signals so all is good. One oddity: before hooking anything up, I measured the voltage between the Apple's ground and the reader's ground. It would start off at a very low amount of microvolts, climb slowly, then all of a sudden it would shoot to +5 and then go back down to 0, where the cycle would repeat. The cycle period was about 5-6 seconds. What the heck is going on? I tested it out with the indicator signals, i.e. BSY (Busy), HCK (Hopper Check), MOCK (Motion Check), Error, etc., and the VIA is getting the signals. I wrote a little program to print out the status bits of the port that is accepting the signal and ran a batch of cards through and everything is as expected. The next step is to wire in the data signals and start to read data. The VIA gives me two 16-bit ports and an additional 4-bit port. The 4-bit port is special in that it can generate interrupts, so it will work quite well for error signals. The problem is I don't know how to access that port through the card I have. It's a custom 6522 card that I built for a class on microcomputer interfacing I took a lifetime ago and I can't find my class notes. Anyway, I'm in the process of figuring it out. Everything on the card is accessed through it's I/O addresses, being C080 + (slot * 16). So I have it in slot 4 which makes all it's I/O available at C0C0-C0CF. I've found the timer locations and some 16-bit registers. I also found by accident a timer that generates a RESET interrupt when it elapses--at least that's the theory I'm going under since the Apple reset itself after I was playing with the registers. I also believe I remember there being this feature on the 6522, but I haven't had a chance to read that part of the docs yet. One thing I'd like to investigate after I'm done with this is to see if there are enough inputs on the Apple itself to forgo the necessity of the 6522. The Game I/O port has 7 inputs, if you count the 4 joystick inputs that can be used as simple TTL inputs, plus the 3 push-button inputs. The other inputs would be the keyboard. It has 10 Y-inputs and 6 X-inputs, plus SHIFT and CONTROL. I'm wondering if there would be a way to hook up the data signals from the reader in a way that the character data from a card column triggers a key input, which can then be cross-referenced to determine what data was actually sent from the reader. Whether this will work depends on how punch card encoding works. From what I can tell so far, there will only ever be one of the 1-9 numbered rows punched per column, but there can be any combination of the 0, 11, and 12 rows. Is this correct? If so, then there should be enough combinations of inputs on the keyboard port to allow the data signals to go through that, and then the GAME I/O has just enough inputs to cover all the status signals (HOPPER CHECK, MOTION CHECK, ERROR, BUSY, INDEX MARK, and READY). Sellam Ismail Vintage Computer Festival ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ International Man of Intrigue and Danger http://www.vintage.org * Old computing resources for business and academia at www.VintageTech.com *