I might be proved wrong, but I belive this chip had a vital role to turn down the wall. In 1985 the Eastern German government decided that they had to pull up with a 1 Meg chip to show that their system is able to do all the same fine things than the west, all of us might temember that the 1 Meg thing was kind of journalists pussy when talking about the future back then. They already cloned the 80286. For the next years they poured all resources within electronic and process development into this project. It was almost like the idea of building a a PDP-8 already had a technology to produce 64k and prototype 256k, but without any help from outside it's kind of uncomfortable. Short before the wall came down, they finished, but at what cost: the whole development was sucked up into this single project - anything els was almost like stopped even production of actual components suffered. So this project added a lot to the economoc problems witch eventualy lead to the end of their system You know - people without video games and home computers tend to think about dangerous things (<g>). I'm not telling that this development has been the mayor reason, but it added stress to an already stressed system. Gruss Hans P.S.: There are only parts of the Z23 on display in Bonn - basicly only the drumm and drumm controll (AFAIR) -- Ich denke, also bin ich, also gut HRK