Not only that, but the OS team too, since their OS allows one to just copy files all over the place willy nilly! ;) Get those nasty people at IEEE, while you're at it, since some of their standards are designed to facilitate "data interchange." Chris Christopher Smith, Perl Developer Amdocs - Champaign, IL /usr/bin/perl -e ' print((~"\x95\xc4\xe3"^"Just Another Perl Hacker.")."\x08!\n"); '