On Fri, Jan 25, 2019 at 08:58:46PM -0700, Warner Losh via cctalk wrote: Converting between "high" voltage 5V TTL to contemporary 3V logic is a general problem with a number of canned solutions offered by chip manufacturers. My favourite hobbyist project in this particular vein is described at http://amigadrive.blogspot.com/. It has a Raspberry Pi emulate the weird Amiga floppy format, including a special built-in disk image that provides a menuing system to manage the other images. That's a much more polished interface than the Goteks offer. The circuit diagram is of interest for those not specifically interested in Amiga software. Since the Shugart interface does not have bidirectional or tri-state signals, it is sufficient to use a couple of resistors as a voltage divider to convert from 5V to 3V, and for the other direction, some sort of buffer or inverter (they use a 74LS06) which is OK with "1"s as low as 3V. You can't get cheaper than a couple of resistors and a random chip pried out of the carpet. Bidirectional/tri-state busses such as SCSI are much more annoying to interface with, and generally need funkier components. Usually they're annoying surface-mount packaging, but that Japanese article has chosen the 74LS641 which is also available in DIP. Now I'm aware that a DIP level-shifter chip exists, some of my projects that were on ice due to not wanting to deal with SMD components might get dusted off. I am quite surprised that the Raspberry Pi is fast enough for SCSI, and even more so that it is apparently running stock Linux rather than something custom to meet hard real-time requirements as is the case for the Amiga floppy project.