On Thursday 11 April 2002 01:25, you wrote: FYI dd is an EBCDIC <> ASCII conversion program often used in this role because it can count blocks and reblock mainframe data as well as do charset conversion. in this case you are doing neither, so therefore, cat /dev/fd0h1440 > floppy.img cat /dev/hdc > cdrom.iso cat /dev/scd0 > cdrom.iso in unix, just about any device can be used as a streamer. So is dd "wrong" ? No ! ,, but it is important to convey hints to how the system works, its just the spark a person needs to discover the powerfull world of unix tool plumbing. Cheers !! Raymond --------------------------------------------------------- "Rightful liberty is unobstructed action, according to our will, within limits drawn around us by the equal rights of others." -- Thomas Jefferson --------------------------------------------------------- "No free man shall ever be debarred the use of arms. The strongest reason for the people to retain the right to keep and bear arms is, as a last resort, to protect themselves against tyranny in government" -- Thomas Jefferson, 1 Thomas Jefferson Papers, 334 --------------------------------------------------------- "The very atmosphere of firearms anywhere and everywhere restrains evil interference - they deserve a place of honor with all that's good" -- George Washington --------------------------------------------------------- "The best we can hope for concerning the people at large is that they be properly armed." -- Alexander Hamilton, The Federalist Papers at 184-188 --------------------------------------------------------- "One of the ordinary modes, by which tyrants accomplish their purposes without resistance, is, by disarming the people, and making it an offense to keep arms." -- Constitutional scholar Joseph Story, 1840 --------------------------------------------------------- "As to the species of exercise, I advise the gun. While this gives [only] moderate exercise to the body, it gives boldness, enterprise, and independence to the mind. Games played with the ball and others of that nature, are too violent for the body and stamp no character on the mind. Let your gun, therefore, be the constant companion to your walks." -- Thomas Jefferson, writing to his teenaged nephew. --------------------------------------------------------- "Today, we need a nation of Minutemen, citizens who are not only prepared to take arms, but citizens who regard the preservation of freedom as the basic purpose of their daily life and who are willing to consciously work and sacrifice for that freedom." -- John F. Kennedy --------------------------------------------------------- The right of the citizens to keep and bear arms has justly been considered as the palladium of the liberties of a republic; since it offers a strong moral check against usurpation and arbitrary power of rulers; and will generally, even if these are successful in the first instance, enable the people to resist and triumph over them." -- Supreme Court Justice Joseph Story of the John Marshall Court --------------------------------------------------------- False is the idea of utility that sacrifices a thousand real advantages for one imaginary or trifling inconvenience; that would take fire from men because it burns, and water because one may drown in it; that has no remedy for evils except destruction. The laws that forbid the carrying of arms are laws of such a nature. They disarm only those who are neither inclined nor determined to commit crimes. -- Cesare Beccaria, as quoted by Thomas Jefferson's Commonplace book --------------------------------------------------------- No kingdom can be secured otherwise than by arming the people. The possession of arms is the distinction between a freeman and a slave. -- "Political Disquisitions", a British republican tract of 1774-1775 --------------------------------------------------------- & what country can preserve its liberties, if its rulers are not warned from time to time that his people preserve the spirit of resistance? Let them take arms. -- Thomas Jefferson, letter to Col. William S. Smith, 1787 --------------------------------------------------------- "Guard with jealous attention the public liberty. Suspect every one who approaches that jewel. Unfortunately, nothing will preserve it but downright force. Whenever you give up that force, you are inevitably ruined." -- Patrick Henry, June 5 1788 --------------------------------------------------------- Are we at last brought to such a humiliating and debasing degradation, that we cannot be trusted with arms for our own defence? Where is the difference between having our arms in our own possession and under our own direction, and having them under the management of Congress? If our defence be the *real* object of having those arms, in whose hands can they be trusted with more propriety, or equal safety to us, as in our own hands? -- Patrick Henry, speech of June 9 1788 --------------------------------------------------------- "To disarm the people... was the best and most effectual way to enslave them." -- George Mason, June 14, 1788 --------------------------------------------------------- "The great object is, that every man be armed. [...] Every one who is able may have a gun." -- Patrick Henry, June 14 1788 --------------------------------------------------------- That the said Constitution shall never be construed to authorize Congress to infringe the just liberty of the press or the rights of conscience; or to prevent the people of the United states who are peaceable citizens from keeping their own arms... -- Samuel Adams, in "Phila. Independent Gazetteer", August 20, 1789 --------------------------------------------------------- Certainly one of the chief guarantees of freedom under any government, no matter how popular and respected, is the right of the citizens to keep and bear arms. [...] the right of the citizens to bear arms is just one guarantee against arbitrary government and one more safeguard against a tyranny which now appears remote in America, but which historically has proved to be always possible. -- Hubert H. Humphrey, 1960 --------------------------------------------------------- The conclusion is thus inescapable that the history, concept, and wording of the second amendment to the Constitution of the United States, as well as its interpretation by every major commentator and court in the first half-century after its ratification, indicates that what is protected is an individual right of a private citizen to own and carry firearms in a peaceful manner. -- Report of the Subcommittee On The Constitution of the Committee On The Judiciary, United States Senate, 97th Congress, second session (February, 1982), SuDoc# Y4.J 89/2: Ar 5/5 --------------------------------------------------------- Americans have the will to resist because you have weapons. If you don't have a gun, freedom of speech has no power. -- Yoshimi Ishikawa --------------------------------------------------------- The whole of the Bill [of Rights] is a declaration of the right of the people at large or considered as individuals... It establishes some rights of the individual as unalienable and which consequently, no majority has a right to deprive them of. -- Albert Gallatin, Oct 7 1789 --------------------------------------------------------- The only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrant -- John Stuart Mill, "On Liberty", 1859 --------------------------------------------------------- clintonsoft.c:666: warning: `morality_and_integrity' defined but not used -------------------------------------------------------- Raymond Moyers N5LAX email: rmoyers(a)nop.org --------------------------------------------------------

Doc said: I've had equally good luck with bs=512...though I haven't tried to copy OpenVMS CDs. - Dan Wright (dtwright(a)uiuc.edu) (http://www.uiuc.edu/~dtwright) -] ------------------------------ [-] -------------------------------- [- ``Weave a circle round him thrice, / And close your eyes with holy dread, For he on honeydew hath fed, / and drunk the milk of Paradise.'' Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Kubla Khan

--- Doc &lt;doc(a)mdrconsult.com&gt; wrote: Sorry... I was thinking how to make image files from files in a filesystem, not how to make image files from a real CD-ROM. dd is what you want, but the parameters may vary if the disc is not a boring ISO-9660 type. -ethan __________________________________________________ Do You Yahoo!? Yahoo! Tax Center - online filing with TurboTax http://taxes.yahoo.com/

On Thu, 11 Apr 2002 philip(a)awale.qc.ca wrote: Blocksize is actually very critical in imaging any but ISO9660, or native-to-the-host-os filesystems. Try doing a dd image of an AIX mkcd bootable backup cd with a blocksize of 512 (which is the default if bs is not specified). I'll grant that I should have specified bs=<lowest blocksize used on the master>.... Doc