On Nov 7, 2007, at 7:17 PM, Tony Duell wrote:
    [...] the two wires that are a filliment (heater to
some). 
 As I understand it, a filament and heater are not just two different
 words for the same thing (for a long time I thought they were...).
 A filament is what this is: the electron emitter is the same thing
 that
 is generating the heat through ohmic losses.  A heater is a case
 where
 the heat generator is not the same thing that is emitting
 electrons, as
 in many vacuum tubes: the heater generates heat, which then warms up
 the (separate) cathode electrode. 
 
 This may be a UK .vs. US language difference, but to me :
 A 'filament' is a thin wire, heated electircally. A heater (in a
 valve)
 is a particular type of filament
 A filament that's also the cathode (as here) is a 'directly heated
 cathode'
 A filament that heats a separate cathode is called a 'heater'. The
 result
 is caleld an 'indirectly heated cathode' 
 
   This is the way I learned it, and I'm in the US.
         -Dave
--
Dave McGuire
Port Charlotte, FL
Farewell Ophelia, 9/22/1991 - 7/25/2007