12 Oct
2015
12 Oct
'15
8:57 a.m.
On 10/12/2015 10:30 AM, Paul Koning wrote:
I have moved over almost entirely to lead-free. Yes, there
is more hassle, but I ship boards all over the world, so I
do have to be compliant. At first, I had HUGE problems, but
it got better with more experience, and as the makers of
solder got it all figured out. I use SAC305 solder, which
wets better and has a shinier finish than pure tin solders.
I have a 1600 Lb. Philips CSM84 pick and place in my
basement. I can do one-offs by hand, as long as the parts
aren't too small, but for more than a couple boards, I
really DO want the P&P machine. But, it is not just a 3D
printer. it has 3 heads with different nozzle sizes for
different parts, two of them have centering jaws that center
the part on the nozzle after it is picked up. it also has a
sort-of camera to pick up fiducial marks on the board for
alignment, and a centering station that centers large parts
like FPGA chips. The big difference is that it has a huge
amount of recovery software to detect mis-picks (by vacuum
level) and try to readjust the part by cycling the jaws, if
that doesn't work it dumps the part and tries another one.
The toaster oven reflow soldering is amazing. I use a ramp
and soak controller with a thermocouple poked into a through
hole in the PC board for temperature reference.
Jon
On Oct 11,
2015, at 12:53 AM, John Wilson <wilson at dbit.com> wrote:
... but I'd rather go RoHS.
I would recommend against that. Not unless you
are trying to create a commercial product where you *must* be RoHS to conform to the
requirements of the bureaucrats. Use real solder -- the job will be much easier and the
result more reliable. Real solder is still available, including solder paste.
I asked one of the technicians at work about this stuff a while ago -- they know all
about this question since they have to use RoHS when doing rework on modern designs. And
what I just said is what they told me (i.e., don't, unless you are forced to). They
also told me that real solder works just fine on lead-free parts. I tried that and can
confirm this is correct.
...
I would think a pick & place robot
would be a fairly straightforward derivative of a 3d printer. But is that really needed?
Placing the parts isn't all that terrible. The trouble is the soldering. I have read
(and posted here in the past) a nice article (in German) on the use of a toaster oven with
some clever temperature control as an IR reflow soldering machine. I haven't tried
this yet, but it sounds like a good scheme, and would allow the use of BGA parts at least
in moderate sizes.
At least one of the moderate cost small volume PCB fab shops will deliver solder paste
screens along with the finished boards if you ask for it.
I was hoping for the Pick 'n' Paste
machine to come along and save me from
having to do all that by hand but that project seems to have faded away.
Oh
seriously! I've been hoping one of the homebrew SMT assembly robot
projects would "take" too, at a reasonable cost. Making prototypes is
bad enough ... but what if I get it working and then I'd want to make
dozens of these things, at 4+ hours each?