From: pu1bzz.listas at
gmail.com
I have a method that works, even on shorts
between ground
and power planes. It locates the exact spot of the short.
Is this a secret or we may know that? ;oD
Hi
It is no secret. I've posted it to this group before.
First, consider how useless an ohm meter is. Usually
something like a shorted capacitor is maybe 20 times
the resistance of the ground plane. Looking for differences
in the resistance across the ground plane is usually
a waste of time.
Most just use the high current method of making the
shorted part hot or smoke. This is not always successful
and can damage the board.
The trick I use puts no current through the short. There is
no need.
First lets describe the problem if the short is between two traces
and then the more complicated case that it is between to planes.
Take a bench supply that can produce a couple amperes in
the current regulated mode.
Pick one of the two trace and connect the supply from end
to end on that one trace ( we'll call it trace1 to keep from getting
confused ).
Place one fixed lead of the voltmeter on trace2( location isn't important ).
With the other lead, of the meter, probe along trace1.
When you reach the location where the meter reads zero
volts, you've found the short.
In some cases, there may be a lot of shunting resistance
from other good parts.
In this case, gradually
move the contact points that you connect
the power supply towards the zero volt point and also move the
fixed meter lead.
As you move the supply leads in, you'll pass the shunting resistances
and get a truer location of the short.
It is rarely necessary to do this on most solid state circuits.
Now for the slightly more complicated case of power planes.
Place the supply leads at two diagonal corners of the board.
Use more current on a power plane( 5-10 amperes is usually
good ). With the current across plane1, place one fixed lead on
plane2. Now probe along Plane1 until you find the zero volt
location. In this case, it usually forms a curved line. I usually
just lay pieces of tape along this zero volt line.
The short is someplace along the line.
Now, move the power supply to the other two corners of the
boards plane1.
Repeat the finding of the zero volt line.
Where this line and the previous one cross is the short.
I've used this method in a production environment and
maybe found several hundred shorts.
It does take a sensitive meter, that is why I go for a 5 digit.
I suppose it would work with a galvanometer used on a
bridge as well but never tried that.
At one time, I'd considered making a high current sine/cosine
current source. One could then use an oscilloscope and just
probe for a minimum circle or elipse. This would speed up
the power plane locating.
Dwight