Others can correct me if I'm wrong, but I
believe that the 80186 was
intended to be the transition chip between the 8086 and the i432, though
Intel later changed direction and continued on with the 8086 architecture
with the 80286 and above.
Nope, the 80186 was designed to be a high-integration version of the 8086
architecture to support embedded applications. I was the Systems Validation
engineer responsible for it at Intel for a short period of time. It was the
first example of a chip that did things in a way that Microsoft hadn't
expected and so MS-DOS wouldn't run on it without tweaking.
They are also found in the DEC TQK50 controller card.
--Chuck