Probably the "big daddy" of all of the block-addressable tape systems
would be the Control Data SCROLL device. Never made it to production
and mentioned here only:
http://special.lib.umn.edu/findaid/xml/cbi00080-07.xml
There might be other mentions in publications of the time (ca. 1971-75);
I know that it was attached as boilerplate for several proposals that I
worked on.
Basically, a very wide tape, where between the supply and takeup spools
was positioned a head-per-track spinning drum, with the tape being
wrapped, VHS-style, around the drum. The block accessed by the head
could be accessed by simply moving the tape under the heads.
Another one of those whacky ADL projects, I never saw an operating one,
but doubtless there are patents on it. Maybe CHM has some documents on
it--and the STAR Drum, a freaky ultra-high-speed drum spinning on
magnetic bearings in vacuo.
Were the tapes used in the IBM 3850 block-addressable?
--Chuck