Here, for example, is one parallel-port in-circuit
programmer for the
AVR:
http://wiredworld.tripod.com/tronics/atmel_isp.html
It is by no means the simplest, requiring one 74HCT245 to work. If
you want to write your own programming software, the manual documents
the protocol.
A few years ago, I bought a STK500 development board for around $70 US.
For anyone wants to tinker with ATMEL micros without doing a bunch of
breadboarding, they are worth every penny.
I think the software could use a little polish though. For instance, I
have been unable to set up the page length when printing source code to
my dot matrix printer and it prints a header on every page. I find that
annoying.
I was also hoping to make it run on Wine under Linux so I wouldn't have
to set up another development environment but, haven't had any success
(yet).
See ya, SteveRob