Oversimplified remedial tutorial:
   Ideally,
the system reads a sector, does what it has to do with the
 content, and goes back for the next one, and can read every sector of the
 track in a single revolution.
 
    From: "Paul Koning" <paulkoning at comcast.net>
  Your writeup was aimed at floppy disks, but
interleave may also appear on
 hard drives.  I don't remember it in reasonably modern systems, but it
 shows up on CDC 6000 systems.
 
 On Mon, 30 Nov 2015, Mike Stein wrote:
  ----- Reply ----- Definitely an issue with IBM
PC/XTs and clones; I
 recall testing every new combination of HD and controller for most
 efficient interleave before I delivered to the client.
 
 1) Are there any examples newer than PC/XT 5160?
 Although, obviously, completely hidden from the user, is it still used on
 anything "modern"?
 (Should ALL verbs be changed to past tense?)
 2)  Is it used on anything besides spinning rust?
 
Probably outside the domain of the question:
The DPS8-M had configurable core memory bank interleave (even/odd
addresses);  I would hazard a guess that this improved bandwidth on double
word read/writes.
 -- Charles