In article <447524F844B59D48B8F7AE7F560935EE02CE2288 at
OVL-EXBE01.ocevenlo.oce.net>,
"Gooijen, Henk" <henk.gooijen at oce.com> writes:
Yes, working your way through the schematics,
actually measuring the
signals, makes you "learn" how something works - in detail!
I know a little more about the M7859 11/34 console than I did, say
2 months ago ...
So what would y'all recommend for logic analyzer/oscilloscope type
tools that are useful for vintage computing (i.e. their max
bandwidth/speed can be slower than needed for current tech) that are
also affordable?
I hate t osay this again, but the most important tool for debugging is a
brain :-). I feel that a good engineer/hacker armed with an LED+resistor
logic probe is likely to do rather better than an idoit or novice (these
are NOT THE DAME THING!) armed with the most expensive 'socpe and
analyser available.
As to test gear, the main instruments I think you need are :
1) A multimeter. Digital or analogue, the choice is yours (I have, and
use, both). It is rare to need to make accurate measurements in classic
computer work, so analogue is OK, and in fact better when you want to
'peak' the voltage at some test point or something like that. If you go
digital, I would certainly consider a Fluke.
A Very useful feature is a continuity buzzer, a beeper that sounds if the
resistance between the probes is less than a certain, fixed, value. But
make sure it repsonds quickly (and doesn't, for example, take the time
for the autoranging system to work and then for the instrument to take a
couple of samples). You will want, quite often, to clip one probe onto,
say, a wire at one end of a cable, and run the other probe down the pins
at the other end. You don't want to have to stop and wait on each pin.
2) A logic probe. HP have made some nice ones over the years (I've seen
them on E-overpay from time to time). Actually, a cheap one (Radio Shack
used to sell them) is all you need for most work. This is very useful for
fioding a signal that's stuck high, or something like that. If you are a
rich enthusiast, consider attempting to find an HP 'Advanced Logic Probe'
aka LogicDart. It's a handheld thing that acts as a digital voltmeter,
frequency meter, logic probe and 3-channel logic analyser. A word of
warning, if you ever use one of these you will be 'hooked'....
3) A 'scope. I would always consider Tektronix here. Actually, I rarely
use a 'scope, other than for disk drive alignments and PSU repairs,
neither of which need a particularly highly spec'ed instrument. Mine is a
very old, valved, Tektronix 555 with an assortment of plug-ins. If I was
buying now, I'd consider getting a second-hand 7000 series or 460 series.
Nothing much more recent, IMHO Tektronix went way downhill when they
stopped putting schematics in the user manual.
A typical spec for most classic computer work would be dual trace, at
least 20MHz. External trigger -- and a good trigger system -- is
essential, if you can't keep the trace still you can't measure from it.
Delayed timebase (or a second timebase which can be used as a delay) is
very useful. Storage is useful, but by no means essenital.
4) A logic analyser. Tektronix made a reasonable one as a plug-in for the
7000-series 'scopes. HP and Gould also made analysers, either stand-alone
or as plug-ins for 'scopes.
I would say at least 50MHz and preferably 100MHz is fine for classic
computers. 16 channels is enough (you can get away with fewer if you have
to). Make sure you get the probes/pods with the instrument, they are
_hell_ to find on their own and often get lost/separated from the unit.
The ability to transfer the captured data to another computer for more
analysis (often via an RS232 or GPIB port) is very useful
I have several analysers, but the main one is a Gould K100D (I think the
manual is on Bitsavers). 16 channel, 100MHz. I have never needed anything
more
5) An EPROM Emulator. I put this under test equipment because it's very
useful to replace the ROMs in a system with an emulator containing a
little test program (even something as simple as a jump to itself), and
see what happens. I built my own, they are not complicated.
-tony