Sounds like a dedicated pulse-height analyzer. DEC sold a lot of machines used for this
purpose, but there were dedicated units that had no CPU, but had memory, often core.
From Wikipedia: "A Pulse Height Analyzer (PHA) is
an instrument used in nuclear and elementary particle physics research which accepts
electronic pulses of varying heights from particle and event detectors, digitizes the
pulse heights, and saves the number of pulses of each height in registers or channels for
later spectral analysis."
--Bill