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Hi This paper got me thinking a little. With digitized data, it should be possible to not only correct for bit shift in mild cases but also detect when it is so sever that there is an error. My understanding is that bit shift is a phase error that looks like the response is too slow. In other words two pulse getting too close tend to spread apart. It seems one can create a number of FIR filters to analyze the data. Some with corrections for to much precompensation and others with correction for too little. You then just feed them all in parallel and pick the one for that tracks with the least timing error, for that particular track. This is something that can not be done inthe analog world because analog tends to be IIR and not FIR. In the article you've posted, they've oversampled by 32 ( 5 bits ). It is a bit high for most but I suspect a sampling system of maybe 8 is more practical for our use. This way, one could tune for the bit shift seem on each track, which should be similar. Also, one could keep track of errors, such as knowing when a pulse was missed and use that to correct if and error was detected. Dwight _________________________________________________________________ The New Busy think 9 to 5 is a cute idea. Combine multiple calendars with Hotmail. http://www.windowslive.com/campaign/thenewbusy?tile=multicalendar&ocid=…