BA23 common component failures?

That looks to me like hot melt glue, which is commonly used on SMPSU boards to prevent components from moving. I think it's somesafety requirmeent to prevnent mains-side and output-side components getting too close to each other. The thing taht looks lik a transdroemr may well eb a bifilar-wound indcutor, used as part of the mains supressor. The melted thing is a capcitor (note the Cxxx marking on the PCB) and is one of the typically antisocial ones that fails in interesting ways. It's part of the mains filter. For testing, just remove it, the supply will still work. Rmeplace it with a correctly-rated (designed for this application) capacitor of the same value. They are not hard to get. I don't normally approve of 'shotgun debugging', but when I find one capcitor i na mains filter circuit has failed, I normally replace the lot. Saves taking the case off again a couple of days later :-) -tony