On May 25, 22:05, Steve Leach wrote:
> If you could humor my electronic ignorance, what exactly IS a
tantalum
> cap and how does it differ from a normal capacitor? I was never
before
> aware that there could be more to a capacitor than plates (or foil)
and
> an electrolyte. How can a capacitor have a polarity?
Almost all electrolytic caps are polarised.
In principle, a tantalum capacitor is just like an aluminium
electrolytic, only using a more exotic metal (tantalum pentoxide has a
dielectric constant about 4-5 times higher than aluminium oxide) and a
solid electrolyte. The anode is the foil (or bead, if it's sintered
tantalum tantalum), the oxide layer on it is the dialectric, and the
electrolyte is the cathode.
Passing current from cathode to anode will build up the oxide layer,
the other way will break it down. From a chemist's point of view,
putting electrons into the cathode and taking them out of the anode
makes some of the metallic aluminium (Al) ionise into Al+++, and if
there are oxygen ions (O--) adjacent, it forms alumina (Al203) --
standard RedOx reaction, exactly the same as anodising aluminium for
protection. You have to maintain the polarity to maintain the oxide
layer; if you reverse it the electrons will break down the oxide layer.
The aluminium ions would gain electrons, the oxygen ions would lose
them, the alumina becomes aluminium and oxygen, and then you have no
more highly-insulating aluminium oxide dielctric.
Think of the aluminium-alumina junction as a junction diode, with a
very high resistance in one direction and a very low resistance the
other way.
There's a brief description of construction at
http://www.chipcenter.com/eexpert/akruger/akruger006.html
--
Pete Peter Turnbull
Network Manager
University of York
Hi,
> I got a nice NCD 17c X terminal a while back, but I don't
> have the server software to download to it. Does anyone
> have such software or a pointer to where to get it?
If you just need the boot image, I think you're looking for a file called
"Xncd17c" - I use Xncd19c for my 88k-based xterm (or did, last time I used it
for anything!)
These used to be freely available on ftp.ncd.com (up until 2 years ago for
sure) in their own "older units" directory tree but seem to have vanished.
However a quick google returned:
http://www.stat.wisc.edu/p/stat/tftpboot/cs/Xncd17c
... which may be exactly what you need.
Set up a tftp server somewhere with the image on and you're away :)
cheers,
Jules
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Call 08709 000032 to give or donate online now at http://www.samaritans.org/support/donations.shtm
you guys may need 3 inch tape some day too!
-------- Original Message --------
Subject: [B205] Re: Reel Tape for B9 Builders
Date: Mon, 26 May 2003 04:24:01 -0000
From: "Stan Brewer" <brewers(a)ftc-i.net>
Reply-To: B205(a)yahoogroups.com
To: B205(a)yahoogroups.com
There is one last chance to buy a 3inch reel tape for your B9.
I have ten tapes, and once they are gone, thats it.
See ebay Item # 3026315320 for a dutch auction.
Stan
--- In B205(a)yahoogroups.com, "Stan Brewer" <brewers@f...> wrote:
> Are you building a full sized B9 robot and need a 3 inch
> reel to reel tape for the programming bay?
>
> Have you filled up the tape on your current B9?
>
> Do you just want some part of a B9?
>
> If so, check out the ebay auction Item # 3024945469.
>
> Stan
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>What type of switches are they? Toggle? Rotary? Both C&K and Alco both
>manufacture a huge variety of switches, one of which is bound to be a
very
>close, if not an exact replacement. Are the original switches not
>repairable?
These are toggle switches with two closed positions and three contacts,
ie two on positions and a common ground in the middle.
My problem is finding the correct dimensions, ie spacing between
connectors as well as height above the board and the length and width
of the "neck" to protrude through the panel..
"TeoZ" wrote:
> Like I said before museums have static displays for reasons of
> power requirements, lack of personnel that can run the machines,
> spare parts that are expensive and hard to find, and the fact
> that a screwup during operation could actually destroy one of
> the few remaining examples (or only one). Most devices in a
> museum are there for either art or function (or combination).
And then some museums don't.
There are many techniques to avoid static displays.
* Rotating the equipment on a turntable with the back open.
* Recreating really old equipment or high wear parts.
* Equipment displays with interactive java simulation of
the equipment running nearby.
* Faking the output display on unpowered equipment with
the 'PC behind the curtain'.
* Or just using equipment that is still some what available.
And don't forget the importance of the the right lighting
and sound effects. :)
I am currently trying to help a gentleman restore
a EAI TR-48 desktop analog, from the early 60s, on
display in the Retro Beep Computer Museum at Bletchley
Park. He wants to run a repetitive simulation for
visitors to see.
I asked him if the recreated Colossus is actually
operated for vistors to the museum. He replied:
> The Colossus is running for the visitors to see;
> however, there is not a guided viewing with everything
> explained and messages decoded etc. You can see the
> paper tape loop flying round the bedstead and there
> is an oscilloscope for the visitors to see the read
> in bit sequence. Also, the machine is behind a wall
> with windows because all the frames are open +/- 100
> volts DC and thus not safe for the public to directly
> approach. Also, there are various items for everyone
> to read on display to explain things.
> There is a guided tour of the site with explanations
> of the code breaking centres; the Colossus bit is
> unguided.
I also asked about interactive displays. He reply:
> You get to play with the enigma machine I think and
> there is a bit of code breaking you can do.
> Also, in the Retro beep museum, there are several old
> digital personal machines to play with; including Sinclair
> spectrums, BBC computers etc ? not very exciting for an
> engineer but the kids love them. Also there is a rare
> Apple Lisa with original disc system. As well as the
> Elliott 803 there are a couple of DEC machine, one of
> them being an old original (with front doors made from
> kitchen worktops ? as specified by DEC?s founder).
He also sent me links to some wonderful interactive
web pages, including the 'Virtual Turing Bombe', the
'Virtual 3 wheel Naval Enigma', the 'Virtual 3 wheel
Army/Air Force Enigma' and the 'Virtual Colossus'.
ENIGMA, BOMBE, and COLOSSUS Links
Codes and Ciphers in the Second World War
http://www.codesandciphers.org.uk/
Great link on the Enigma code, the Turing Bombe, and on the Colossus
Click on
Tony Sale's reconstruction of Enigma decipherment for the film Enigma
or go directly to this page
http://www.codesandciphers.org.uk/enigmafilm/index.htm
Making the Enigma ciphers for the film "Enigma"
by Tony Sale
Or if you don't want to go through the explaination of the Enigma
code and how it was broken,
you can go directly to these interactive web pages
http://www.codesandciphers.org.uk/enigmafilm/bombe/bombe1.htm
Virtual Turing Bombe by Tony Sale
http://www.codesandciphers.org.uk/enigmafilm/emachines/enigman.htm
Virtual 3 wheel Naval Enigma by Tony Sale
http://www.codesandciphers.org.uk/enigmafilm/emachines/enigma1.htm
Virtual 3 wheel Army/Air Force Enigma by Tony Sale
Or try
http://www.codesandciphers.org.uk/lorenz/rebuild.htm
The Colossus Rebuild Project
which links to
http://www.codesandciphers.org.uk/virtualbp/fish/vcolossus.htm
Virtual Colossus by Tony Sale
And the Bombe Rebuild Project
http://www.jharper.demon.co.uk/bombe1.htm
--Doug
=========================================
Doug Coward
@ home in Poulsbo, WA
Analog Computer Online Museum and History Center
http://dcoward.best.vwh.net/analog
=========================================
I got a nice NCD 17c X terminal a while back, but I don't
have the server software to download to it. Does anyone
have such software or a pointer to where to get it?
Thanks,
Dave
--
David C. Jenner
djenner(a)earthlink.net
On May 25, 17:32, Greg Elkin wrote:
> The 11/34a I collected recently (BA11-L chasis, H777 PSU) and had
> difficulty getting to power up is in better shape now that it's had a
> good clean ; backplane inspected and all the dust & debris removed
> from its slots (via "fart in a can", ie compressed air :), the cards
> have had their edge connectors cleaned (india rubber) to be nice and
> shiny.
>
> Switching to DC ON, the fans whirr happily and the front panel now
> has "DC ON" and "RUN" LEDs on, with 000000 on the 7seg LEDs.
>
> If I try to halt (keypad CNTRL + HLT/SS), the RUN LED stays on and
> BUS ERR LED also comes on.
FAQ. This is the result of having a 9302 terminator, whichg asserts
SACK, and a missing NPR jumper somewhere. Either you have a card
missing, or you've put a card that doesn't pass NPR into a slot where
previously there was a card that did (or you've put a small grant card
where you should have a full-size one). Ethan mentioned this in
response to one of your posts recently, and Tony (on more than one
occasion) explained in detail why this has the effect it does.
http://www.classiccmp.org/pipermail/cctalk/2003-May/022031.htmlhttp://www.classiccmp.org/pipermail/cctalk/2003-May/022051.html
Don't feel *too* bad about it, I got caught myself with that, once.
--
Pete Peter Turnbull
Network Manager
University of York
I just retrieved an Altair 8800B from long term storage. I blew away
the dust, checked for loose connections, and finally powered it up.
Lights flickered to life, and then smoke poured from the front panel.
I pulled it apart, and found a very crispy capacitor number C4 on the
front panel card. My first problem is that this capacitor is so crispy
that I have no way of determining the proper value. It is (was)
connected to a voltage regulator marked "F 79MO8 AUC 7535"
>I wish I'd picked up one of the 68k Apples. I'm sure
>the Hamvention will have scads of them though.
Any particular model you are interested in? I have some extra 68k Macs
here, maybe I have an extra of a model you are looking for
-chris
<http://www.mythtech.net>