10 Jun
2026
10 Jun
'26
1:15 p.m.
I see by historical records that IBM patented the 8" floppy disk in 1972.
It produced and released the disk in 1971. Was there a reason for this?
Happy computing.
Murray 🙂
On Wed, Jun 10, 2026 at 2:25 PM Tom Gardner via cctalk <
cctalk(a)classiccmp.org> wrote:
All true, but the question remains of when did the
first 23FD did ship?
Apparently the 2880 Block Multiplexor Channel along with the 2835/2305 were
announced on February 10, 1970 for both the S/360 M85 and M195.
There are reliable sources that a 23FD did ship in January 1971 either in
the M155 or in a 2835/2305; perhaps simultaneously to the same location.
It could have shipped in a 2835/2305 for a S/360 M85 before January 1971
on a 2880 Block Multiplexor Channel but so far I can't find any information
either way.
Tom
-----Original Message-----
From:
Sent: Tuesday, June 9, 2026 6:39 PM
To: Jon Elson via cctalk <cctalk(a)classiccmp.org>
Subject: [cctalk] Re: Floppy disk
The 360/85 had the microcode for its base instruction set in ROS (ROM) so
it would not have needed a device like the 23FD to get started. It was
also shipped starting in December 1969 which is before the date the 23FD is
reputed to have been ready. A paper I found at
https://dl.acm.org/doi/epdf/10.1145/1476936.1476969 describes
instructions in the the 360/85 to load words into the writeable control
store from main memory. The 370 systems on the other hand had no control
store in ROS so needed a device to do the Initial Microcode Load
(IML) to get the machine of the ground and I suspect the 23FD and later
IML microcode sources where just part of the IML system as something would
have to stuff the microcode into the control store. I see some
370 documents mention a "Service Processor" that loads the microcode, one
candidate for this service processor would be one of the family of
Universal Controllers that IBM used in a wide variety of machines dating
back to the early to mid 1970s.
Paul.
On 2026-06-09 20:21, Jon Elson via cctalk wrote:
On 6/9/26 16:24, Tom Gardner via cctalk wrote:
Lot's of mis-information which I think I
correct below
I'm pretty sure the first shipments of the 23FD was in January 1971
the with 2835 Storage Control Unit for the 2305 Fixed Head DASD and
the S/370 M155; it might have been simultaneous but the 2835 did
attach to existing S/360 M85 2880 Block Multiplexer channel and the
M85 shipped in December 1969. It was followed later that year with
the shipment in the S/370 M165 and then the rest of the S/370. FWIW,
the 2835 SCU was very similar to the 3380 SCU, mainly differing due
to the parallel data transfer from the drive. The 23FD was a read
only device
The 360/85 was EXTREMELY close to the 370/165, in fact it was the
prototype of the 165. Looking through principles of operation from
the two models shows instruction timings are totally identical. The
model 165 had a 23FD to load microcode and diagnostics. The 360/85
had read-only 360 microcode, but emulators and diagnostics were
loadable. I can only assume that was done via a 23FD. The major
difference between 360/85 and 370/165 hardware was that microcode was
partially read-only in the 85, with 500 words or writeable control
store, implemented in 16-bit MST4 chips. The 165 had all microcode in
writable ECL static RAM in 64-bit chips. The /85 cache (storage
buffer) was implemented in the same 16-bit chip technology, the 165
was done with the 64-bit chips. There were some slight differences in
the 360 vs. 370 processor status word, also.
Jon