In addition to the Goodyear STARAN computer, another tire company Firestone did built
some interesting one off systems of unusual design. My first job out of college was with
Firestone Central Research. While there, I became friends with William Clayton who was one
of three of their research fellows. He was a big proponent of APL and there I was exposed
to the MCM/700 (see
https://www.softwarepreservation.org/projects/apl/Brochures/MCM700Brochure ) and the IBM
5100 desktop APL computer as well as APL via IBM 360 timeshare. We used APL to simulate
the heat flow and rubber curing in very large earth mover tires with finite-element
techniques coupled with chemical kinetics.
However, Bill Clayton most interesting work was around optimizing formulations from
designed experiment data. He built an analog computer that used static card readers that
provided contacts to feedback resistors to simultaneous compute the output of 16 second
order polynomial equations with cross terms for 8 independent variables. Each of these 16
polynomials had 54 static coefficients that were determined from second order statistical
regressions of data from designed experiments. One equation for example might be tensile
strength of a rubber compounded with various amounts of sulfur, carbon black, oil,
accelerators, etc. Then another equation might represent wear resistance measured from the
same combination of compounding ingredients. The 16 equations had upper and lower limits
of acceptable values for tensile strength, wear, etc. The analog computer would then begin
an exhaustive grid search of the 8 independent variables to find a combination of the 8
ingredients that met all 16 of the desired output traits. When a solution was found the
independent variable value voltages were read by an A/D controlled by a PDP-8 and then
printed on a console. Thus the system was actually a hybrid computer part analog and part
digital. I was told that doing the 8 factor grid search in Fortran on an IBM 360/168 would
have taken 1300 hours but this hybrid system did it in 5 minutes, Only three of these
systems were ever built, two of which were used outside of Firestone (one by the Air
Force).
U.S. Patent 3,560,725 from 1968 provides some background as it covered an early version
of the later more highly developed system.
Mark
From: Paul Koning <paulkoning(a)comcast.net>
Subject: [cctalk] Re: C. Gordon Bell, Creator of a Personal Computer Prototype, Dies at
89
Date: May 23, 2024 at 6:58:06 PM CDT
To: "cctalk(a)classiccmp.org" <cctalk(a)classiccmp.org>
Cc: Kevin Anderson <kevin_anderson_dbq(a)yahoo.com>
Reply-To: "General Discussion: On-Topic and Off-Topic Posts"
<cctalk(a)classiccmp.org>
I have a vague memory of visiting the Computer Museum when it was still at DEC, in the
Marlboro building (MRO-n). About the only item I recall is a Goodyear STARAN computer (or
piece of one). I found it rather surprising to have see a computer made by a tire
company. I learned years later that the STARAN is a very unusual architecture, sometimes
called a one-bit machine. More precisely, I think it's a derivative of William
Shooman's "Orthogonal Computer" vector computer architecture, which was for
a while sold by Sanders Associates where he worked.
paul