Early Programming Books

[Paul Birkel]

TYDAC (TYpical Digital Automatic Computer) is very much an instruction set
of its time.

Memory is 2000 words of ten decimal digits and sign.
Words are either numbers or instructions.
I/O is punch cards, special typewriter, or a paper-tape reading device on
the typewriter.
Four magnetic tapes are assumed as auxiliary memory.
ALU includes an Accumulator (11 digits + sign) and Multiply-Quotient (10
digits + sign).
Instruction set includes floating-decimal add, multiply, and divide.
46 instructions (out of a possible 100) are defined.

-----Original Message-----
From: dave.g4ugm at gmail.com [mailto:dave.g4ugm at gmail.com] 
Sent: Sunday, June 20, 2021 10:51 AM
To: 'Paul Birkel'; 'General Discussion: On-Topic Posts'
Subject: RE: Early Programming Books

Paul,

I assumed that was the case, but the inclusion of the Wilkes book confused
me. 
I think there really is a spectrum of books, so say pre-1955 all books
assumed the reader had little knowledge of programming. 
For example the MK1 guide I pointed you to is V2. Its rumoured that Turing
wrote V1 and no one could understand it but I think it more likely the
machine changed.
I also looked at the IBM 701 manuals and they too have some generic info at
the front. 
However I also wonder what the earliest books were like.

Dave
G4UGM

(You might want to e-mail Simon Lavington 
https://www.essex.ac.uk/people/lavin12900/simon-lavington
he has done a lot of research on early computing, and might know more.)





> -----Original Message-----
> From: Paul Birkel <pbirkel at gmail.com>
> Sent: 20 June 2021 13:40
> To: dave.g4ugm at gmail.com; 'General Discussion: On-Topic Posts'
> <cctech at classiccmp.org>
> Subject: RE: Early Programming Books
> 
> Dave;
> 
> I'm much more curious about programming books that were *not* machine
> specific.
> That is, about "general principles" of designing/preparing software for
> execution.
> 
> Of course, one needs a language; McCracken (1957) defines TYDAC.
> Much later (1968) Knuth defines MIX.
> 
> In between perhaps one could argue that ALGOL 58 qualifies as such a
> language-for-demonstration, but I don't believe that there were any books
> specifically about programming in ALGOL 58.  I presume that there were
> eventually such books for ALGOL 60.
> 
> Then there's FORTRAN, in which context I first encountered McCracken
> (1961:
> Guide to FORTRAN Programming).
> 
> Obviously my first example was EDSAC-centric.  And yours is specific to
the
> Manchester MK1.
> 
> -----Original Message-----
> From: dave.g4ugm at gmail.com [mailto:dave.g4ugm at gmail.com]
> Sent: Sunday, June 20, 2021 6:57 AM
> To: 'Paul Birkel'; 'General Discussion: On-Topic Posts'
> Subject: RE: Early Programming Books
> 
> Paul,
> What about machine specific manuals, so for example the Manchester MK1
> programming manual, the second edition of which is archived here:-
> 
> https://web.archive.org/web/20090526192456/http://www.computer50.org
> /kgill/m
> ark1/progman.html
> 
> In fact I expect that first book refers specifically to EDSAC, so is in
effect
> machine specific. There must have been similar manuals for other machines?
> 
> I know there is a Ferranti Pegasus Programming manual, the copy I have is
> dated 1962 but as the last Pegasus was produced in 1959 there must have
> been earlier editions.
> 
> Dave
> 
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: cctech <cctech-bounces at classiccmp.org> On Behalf Of Paul Birkel
> > via cctech
> > Sent: 20 June 2021 09:44
> > To: 'General Discussion: On-Topic Posts' <cctech at classiccmp.org>
> > Subject: Early Programming Books
> >
> > I know of two early computer (in the stored program sense) programming
> > books.
> >
> >     1951: Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer
> (Wilkes, Wheeler, & Gill)
> >     1957: Digital Computer Programming (McCracken)
> >
> > What others were published prior to the McCracken text?
> >
> > Excluded are lecture compendia and symposia proceedings, such as:
> >
> >     1946: Moore School Lectures
> >     1947: Proceedings of a Symposium on Large-Scale Digital
> > Calculating
> Machinery
> >     1951: Proceedings of a Second Symposium on Large-Scale Digital
> Calculating Machinery
> >     1953: Faster Than Thought, A Symposium On Digital Computing
> > Machines
> >
> > These were principally about designs for, and experience with, new
> hardware.
> >
> > I'm curious about texts specifically focused on the act of programming.
> > Were there others prior to McCracken?
> >
> > paul
>